Richa had a difficult pregnancy.
At every visit, her gynaecologist told her the baby was not growing properly. After two miscarriages, Richa desperately wanted things to go right this time. She was even admitted for monitoring and intravenous medication. Eventually, she delivered pre-term, and the baby was admitted to the NICU.
Post delivery, Richa couldn’t stop crying. She was consumed with worry, and felt miserable. She visited the NICU countless times, was unable to sleep or rest, and blamed herself for everything that had happened. Her husband sensed something was wrong and took her to her gynaecologist, who diagnosed her with postpartum depression.
This is not an uncommon story. One in 10 women experience postpartum depression.
As an obstetrician for more than 24 years, I have seen how most doctors prioritise antenatal and postpartum care. Busy labour rooms give utmost importance to the health of both mother and baby. In the rush to take care of the physical trauma of childbirth, the mental impact often goes unnoticed. Awareness of postpartum depression among both expecting parents and caregivers is still lacking.
Postpartum depression can affect the bond between mother and child, as depressed mothers may interact and play less with their babies, which can have long-term implications for the child’s health and development. In rare cases, if the depression is severe (a condition known as puerperal psychosis), women may experience suicidal thoughts or even risk infanticide. One study found approximately 44 suicide attempts for every 1,00,000 live births. The risk is higher among women with a history of psychosis, those under 20 years of age and those who have experienced miscarriage or the loss of a child.
Recognising the symptoms is the first step in managing postpartum depression. This is why awareness is crucial, especially among expecting parents. For many women, rest, healthy eating, physical activity and setting aside regular ‘me time’ can significantly improve mood and wellbeing. Avoiding isolation and staying connected with family and friends can offer vital support. Meditation and breathing exercises may help relieve anxiety. Most women respond well to talk therapy or guided self-help. A smaller group may require medication, usually in the form of antidepressants. In very severe cases, hospitalisation and treatment may be necessary.
It is important to realise that postpartum depression is very real, and may occur more frequently than one might think. With the right support and understanding, it may become easier to overcome it.
Kunwar is consultant obstetrician and gynaecologist at Manipal Hospital, Pune