‘Autistic children are not less capable’: Jeny Philip
Massachusetts-based speech-language pathologist Jeny Philip says early detection of autism is important for a child's development, as the brain's high neuroplasticity at a young age allows for more effective learning and adaptation with early support
Early detection and diagnosis of autism are paramount due to heightened neuroplasticity in young children, allowing for more effective learning and adaptation with timely support. Parents should be vigilant for early signs such as limited word usage (around 50 functional words or two-word phrases by age two), reduced eye contact, and repetitive behaviors, and seek professional evaluation if these are observed. Speech delay, while an important indicator, is not the sole sign, and communication can occur through various means beyond speech, including body language, gestures, and assistive technologies like PECS and AAC applications. Key advice for parents centers on understanding behavior triggers and responses, implementing consistent routines, and reinforcing positive behaviors. Prioritizing early intervention and active participation in therapy are essential for developing communication and life skills. Success for autistic children is defined by their ability to function independently in daily life, recognizing their unique neurodivergent strengths and ways of experiencing the world, which requires societal awareness and acceptance.
Early detection and diagnosis of autism are paramount due to heightened neuroplasticity in young children, allowing for more effective learning and adaptation with timely support. Parents should be vigilant for early signs such as limited word usage (around 50 functional words or two-word phrases by age two), reduced eye contact, and repetitive behaviors, and seek professional evaluation if these are observed. Speech delay, while an important indicator, is not the sole sign, and communication can occur through various means beyond speech, including body language, gestures, and assistive technologies like PECS and AAC applications. Key advice for parents centers on understanding behavior triggers and responses, implementing consistent routines, and reinforcing positive behaviors. Prioritizing early intervention and active participation in therapy are essential for developing communication and life skills. Success for autistic children is defined by their ability to function independently in daily life, recognizing their unique neurodivergent strengths and ways of experiencing the world, which requires societal awareness and acceptance.
Early detection and diagnosis of autism are paramount due to heightened neuroplasticity in young children, allowing for more effective learning and adaptation with timely support. Parents should be vigilant for early signs such as limited word usage (around 50 functional words or two-word phrases by age two), reduced eye contact, and repetitive behaviors, and seek professional evaluation if these are observed. Speech delay, while an important indicator, is not the sole sign, and communication can occur through various means beyond speech, including body language, gestures, and assistive technologies like PECS and AAC applications. Key advice for parents centers on understanding behavior triggers and responses, implementing consistent routines, and reinforcing positive behaviors. Prioritizing early intervention and active participation in therapy are essential for developing communication and life skills. Success for autistic children is defined by their ability to function independently in daily life, recognizing their unique neurodivergent strengths and ways of experiencing the world, which requires societal awareness and acceptance.
Interview/ Jeny Philip, speech-language pathologist, Massachusetts
Q/ How important is early detection and diagnosis in autism?
It is extremely important because neuroplasticity is higher when a child is younger. This means that a child’s brain can learn and adapt more easily. Early support helps children understand certain behaviours and helps us train the child’s brain.
Q/ What are some early signs of autism?
Many parents say that their child appeared “normal” until the age of three. However, major developmental changes in the brain occur between 18 and 24 months. Parents should seek professional help if a child is not using around 50 functional words or two-word phrases by the age of two. Other early signs include reduced eye contact or repetitive behaviours such as staring at their hands.
Q/ Is speech delay always a reliable indicator of autism?
It can be an important indicator, but it is not the only sign of autism. Even verbal autistic children may have difficulty in communication, such as interacting with new people or forming sentences differently.
Q/ Many parents worry when their child has delayed speech.
Speech stimulation is very important. However, this does not mean you constantly question the child or force them to speak. The best way is to calmly and affectionately talk to children during daily activities. Children with ASD may take longer to learn new skills, with the general timing being around three weeks. But repeated exposure to language can help them gradually understand and communicate.
Q/ What are the different ways autistic children communicate?
They might communicate through body language, gestures, sign language, typing or systems such as the Picture Exchange Communication System (PECS). There are also newer methods, such as Augmentative and Alternative Communication (AAC) applications that help non-speaking individuals communicate.
Q/ What is the most important advice for parents?
The first is the ABC rule, which can help parents understand their child better: A is the antecedent, what is the trigger; B is behaviour itself; and C is the consequence, how we react/respond to their behaviour. Parents should try to understand what may have caused a behaviour and confirm their observations before reacting. Second, children benefit from having a predictable routine. Transitions can often be difficult for autistic children, so any expected changes should be introduced gradually. Third, parents should reinforce positive behaviour. Encouragement and praise can help children continue behaviour that supports their development.
Q/ What are some common mistakes parents make after receiving an autism diagnosis?
Many parents spend a long time seeking multiple opinions. The most important thing is to begin intervention as early as possible.
Q/ How important is therapy?
Therapy is extremely important because children need guidance in developing communication and life skills. Parents should actively participate in therapy sessions as well. For families who cannot afford regular therapy, speech stimulation can be practised at home. Children should be included in everyday activities and spoken to regularly.
Q/ How should parents choose a school for an autistic child?
A school with a special education department is important. Some autistic children may find long classroom sessions difficult and may need support in regulating emotions and managing sensory needs.
Q/ Many parents compare their child’s progress with that of other autistic children. Is this helpful?
No. Autism exists on a spectrum, and every individual is different. Each child develops at their own pace and has different strengths and challenges.
Q/ What does success look like for an autistic child?
For many autistic individuals, success means being able to function independently in daily life and carry out everyday activities.
Q/ How can society better understand autistic individuals?
Autistic children are not less capable. They are neurodivergent, which means their brains simply work differently. They may have different ways of learning, communicating and experiencing the world. When parents understand their children better, they are also able to advocate for greater awareness and acceptance in society.