Eating fish such as salmon, trout and sardines as part of a healthy diet can reduce asthma symptoms in children, a study has found.
The clinical trial led by La Trobe University in Australia found that children with asthma who followed a healthy Mediterranean diet enriched with fatty fish had improved lung function after six months.
The findings, published in the Journal of Human Nutrition and Dietetics, added to a growing body of evidence that a healthy diet could be a potential therapy for childhood asthma.
"We already know that a diet high in fat, sugar and salt can influence the development and progression of asthma in children and now we have evidence that it's also possible to manage asthma symptoms through healthy eating," said Maria Papamichael, lead researcher from La Trobe.
"Fatty fish is high in omega-3 fatty acids which have anti-inflammatory properties. Our study shows eating fish just twice a week can significantly decrease lung inflammation in children with asthma," she said.
"Following a traditional Mediterranean diet that is high in plant-based foods and oily fish could be an easy, safe and effective way to reduce asthma symptoms in children," said Catherine Itsiopoulos, from La Trobe.
"Asthma is the most common respiratory disease in young people and one of the leading reasons for hospitalisations and trips to emergency for children," said associate professor Bircan Erbas, from La Trobe.
"Unfortunately, the rate of asthma worldwide remains high. It is imperative that we identify new therapies that we can use alongside conventional asthma medications," Erbas said.
The clinical trial involved 64 children from Athens in Greece, aged 5 to 12 who had mild asthma.
Researchers from Australia and Greece divided the children into two groups and instructed around half to eat two meals of cooked fatty fish (of at least 150 grams) as part of the Greek Mediterranean diet every week for six months. The remaining children followed their normal diet.
At the end of the trial, they found the group who ate fish had reduced their bronchial inflammation by 14 units. Above 10 units is significant under international guidelines.
